Family
Family Law Reform: Uniform Civil Code Debate
By FairLex Editorial | February 15, 2026 · 1 min read
The Uniform Civil Code (UCC) has been one of the most debated topics in Indian legal and political discourse. Article 44 of the Constitution directs the State to endeavor to secure a Uniform Civil Code for citizens throughout the territory of India.
Current Status
India currently has separate personal laws governing marriage, divorce, inheritance, and adoption for different religious communities. The Hindu Marriage Act, Muslim Personal Law, Indian Christian Marriage Act, and Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act govern their respective communities.
Arguments in Favor
- Gender Justice: A UCC could ensure equal rights for women across all communities
- National Integration: Common laws could promote unity and reduce communal divisions
- Constitutional Mandate: Article 44 explicitly envisions a UCC as a Directive Principle
Arguments Against
- Religious Freedom: Personal laws are tied to religious identity and cultural practices
- Diversity: India's strength lies in its pluralistic legal traditions
- Implementation Challenges: Practical difficulties in harmonizing diverse legal traditions